Table 3 MT loop or spool formation in gliding assays under different conditions. Footnotes: a) Primarily the lower range of mentioned diameters is listed; b) not clear from experimental section; c) measured from images. Abbreviations: CW, clockwise; CCW, counter-clockwise; polym, polymerisation; SA, streptavidin; tub, tubulin. References: (1) [126], (2) [134], (3) [138], (4) [137], (5) [130], (6) [135], (7) [136], (8) [414], (9) [133], (10) [132], (11) [415], (12) [121]. Note that a number of mathematical models were put forward to describe loop or spool dynamics in gliding assays [141, 156, 157, 414, 416, 417]

 standard tub, 10-20 μm taxol (after?) ^b polym.

1-1.4 ^c

waves and curls upon pinning

(1)

 standard tub, 50 μM taxol during & after polym.; high MT density (2.5 MTs/μm²)

1-5

loops form through collision; loop duration frequently >5 min; strong increase in loops at high MT concentration; decreasing loop radius with increasing contour

(2)

 rhodamine-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; exposing to air bubble or n-heptane

1.1 (heptane), 1.8 (air)

MTs become reversibly unstable in non-polar conditions: 50% of MTs form loops as long as close to air bubble; effect absolutely requires kinesins

(3)

 rhodamine-tub, 10 μM taxol after polym.

2.5-3.75 ^c

left-handed supertwist favours CCW rotation of loops; CCW rotation is preserved in spools

(4)

 biotin-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-linked

1-12.6, mean 3.9

 biotin-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-linked

1-5, mean 2.3

up to 25 μm long straight bundles; pinning of tip induces spools or fishtailing; occasional “unspooling” events

(5)

 biotin-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-linked; 1600, 870, 270 and 90 kinesins/μm²

ca. 2.4-4

highest spool density & lowest spool diameter @ highest kinesin density; pinning as main cause for spool formation

(6)

 biotin-GTP-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-linked

5.7 (@ 10.8 μm length), 3 (@ 3,7 μm)

spool diameters increase with MT length per condition; spool diameters: GMP-MTs (taxol) < GMPCPP-MTs (no taxol) < GMPCPP-MTs (taxol)

(7)

 biotin-GMPCPP-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-linked

18.8 (@ 10.3 μm length), 5.8 (@ 3.4 μm)

 biotin-GMPCPP-tub, no taxol; SA-linked

8.2 (@ 10 μm length), 4.3 (@ 3.4 μm)

 biotin-GTP-tub, 10 μm taxol (after?)^b polym.; SA-linked

3.2 μm (@ 6μm length)

live imaging: pinning & collisions (simultaneous sticking) cause spool formation; spool formation is not activated by a Brownian ratchet type process

(8)

 biotin-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-linked; microfluidic device

2.7 (pinning), 6.2 (collisions)

live imaging: pinning & collisions (simultaneous sticking) cause spools of different diameters; pinning more frequent in flow cells than microfluidic device

(9)

 biotin-tub, (taxol?)^b polym.; SA-quantum dot-linked

1.2, mean 3.4

left/right-handed super-twist: CCW/CW rotation; rings form intertwined wreath-like structures; tendency to disassemble involving MT breakage, kinesins pulling (blocked by AMP-PNP), counteracted by SA (enhanced by biotin)

(10)

 biotin-tub, 10 μm taxol after polym.; SA-quantum dot-linked; patterned kinesin carpets

1-5.3 and 3.1

smallest spool diameters on constrained carpets: 1-5.3 μm on 5 μm stripes, 3.1 μm on 2 μm wide squares

(11)

 Cy3-tub, 10μM taxol

straight

forming vortices in mm range

(12)