Table 1 Background information on candidate genes tested for ASEL/R size differences

Controls overall body and/or cell size in C. elegans [4, 6, 54, 55]

sma-2

Smad (TGFR signaling)

sma-3

Smad

sma-4

Smad

sma-5

MAPK

sma-6

Kinase receptor

lon-2

Glypican

egl-4

cGMP-dependent kinase

ncl-1

RBP (Brat tumor suppressor)

Controls cell size in C. elegans and other systems [6]

nst-1

Nucleostemin

iftb-1

eIF2B

tfg-1

TFG oncogene

crh-1

CREB/ATF-family

Controls cell size in other systems [1, 34, 56–58]

mml-1

Myc

let-60

Ras

daf-2

Insulin/IGF-receptor

ins-1

Insulin ligand^a

daf-18

PTEN phosphatase

let-363

TOR kinase

akt-1

Protein kinase B

akt-2

Protein kinase B

fib-1

Fibrillarin

rheb-1

GTPase

cdk-4

Cyclin-dependent kinase

Regulatory volume control in other systems

unc-43

CaMKII